Door or window or the like aperture-closing device.



No. 745,783. PATENTED DEC. l, 1903. G. A. GHADDOGK.

DOOR OR WINDOW OR THE LIKE APERTDRE CLOSING DEVICE. l APPLIOATION rILnD 3321.8. 1oo2.

No. 745,783. PATENTED DEG. 1, 41903. G. A. GHADDOGK. DOOR 0R WINDOW OR. THE LIKE APERTURE CLOSING DEVICE.

APPLAIGATION FILED SEPT. 8, 1902.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

NO .MODEL UNITED STATES Patented December 1, 1903.

PATENT OEEICE.

GEORGE ALBERT OHADDOCK, OF LIVERPOOL, ENGLAND.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 745,783, dated December 1, 1903. Application filed September 8, 1902. Sen'al No. 122,565. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom it' may concern.-

Beit known that I, GEORGE ALBERT CHAD- DOCK, master mariner, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at Knotty Ash, Liverpool, in the county of Lancaster, England, (whose full postal address s Thomas Lane, Knotty Ash aforesaid,) have invented certain new and useful Improvements iuDoors, Windows, or the Like Aperture-Closing Devices, (for which application has been made in Great Britain, No. 3,403, dated 1February ll, 1902,) of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in doors, windows, and the like aperture-closing devices, and has for its object to provide a door or the like which can be easily opened and closed and which when closed can be held tight against weather or the passage of water, fire, or air or thieves. In the case of bulkhead-doors of ships or the doors and windows of large land buildings or structures where a number of such closing devices are employed the closing and opening of any or all can by this invention be effected either simultaneously from a central control or independently by local operation or control.

The invention also provides for a space being temporarily left for the circulation of air or escape of people from the room 'or other place closed by the door, window, or the like when the main portion of the aperture has been closed and before the tnal closing of the whole.

The invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure l is a front elevation, tion,of a door, window, or the like constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is an end View, partly in section. Fig. 2a is a detail showing the main shaft for operating several doors, windows, or the like simultaneously. Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line a; of Fig. l. Fig. 4 is an enlarged detail View of the upper part of Fig. 2, showing the sleeve H in section. Fig. 5 is an enlarged perspective view of the4 plate .Tand sleeve H. Fig. 6 is an enlarged detail of thelocking device. Fig. 7 is an enlarged cross-section of the casing G, showing the groove g, with the shutter and Window removed.

partly in sec- According to my invention I construct a door, window, or the like A of any suitable or desired shape, but ot' less height than the aperture to be closed, leaving a space B at the top, which according to the purpose in View is made either small, as for Ventilating purposes, or large to allow of a person climbing over and escaping. I mount the door, window, or the like soas to rotate on a central axis-for instance, on a central shaft O-and provide asliding shutter D, adapted to be brought down to close'the upper space B after the door or window has been turned and closed.

The meetingedges of the bottom of the door, window, or the like and the sill or bottom of the doorway or other aperture to be closed are made to fit the one into a groove in the other, and the door, window, or the like is made vertically movable tov some eX- tent in addition to its movement of rotation in order to allow it to be lifted to bring it clear of the sill for the turning movement.

. In this wayan efficient tight joint can beobtained for the purposes before indicated. In a similar manner the meeting edges of the shutter D and top of the door, window, or the like A are made to effect a tight joint, and the sliding shutter D in being brought down by suitable mechanism onto the door, window, or the like to close theA top space B is utilized also to press together the meeting edges at the bottom of the door, and thus bind all together in a thoroughly tight manner.

Fig. 2 shows one method of jointing the meeting edges, the top of the door or the like having a V or half-round section to iit into a groove d in the shutter D and the bottom of the door being adapted to tit into a groove e in the sill E. The shutter D in the form shown in the drawings is made to slide within a recessfin the top frame ot' the window or door, Fig. 2, and its ends slide in grooves g in the side frames G, Figs. l and 7. The sides of the door, window, or the like A are made to overlap or joint in a tight manneras shown, for example, in Fig. 3-without interfering with the movement of rotation of the door or the like on its central axis C.

Various forms of mechanism may be utilized for obtaining the vertical and rotary movements of the door A and the Vertical IOO movement of the shutter D. The mechanism shown in the drawings for such purposes consists as follows: -The central Vshaft G is threaded at its upper end to engage in a nut or internallythreaded sleeve H, secured firmly to the shutter D-for instance, as shown in Fig. 4, by means of ya plate J, screwed or otherwise attached to the shutter D and having a central bossj bored to drop over the sleeve H and secured by a lock nut or plate K, screwed onto the sleeve H, which is threaded at its upper portion-such threaded portion of the sleeve being formed with one or more fiat sides H', as shown in Fig. 5, to fit a corresponding flat inside the boss j to prevent the sleeve from turning in the shutter D. By rotating the shaft C, which is provided, for instance, with bevel-gear L Z, which may be operated by a hand-Wheel M, the nut or sleeve H, and therewith the shutter D, may be moved up or down to open or close the space B. On the nut or sleeve H is formed a flange or shoulder 71on which the door, window, or the like A is revolubly suspended in the open position of the shutter, Fig. l-for instance, by means of the cover plate N, screwed to the window and having a central hole in which the nut or sleeve H may freely slide. The plate N is turned down over the back and front of the window, as shown in Fig. 4, to cover the space within which the fiange h plays. It will be seen that the connection of the nut or internally-threaded sleeve H to the shutter D by means of the removable plate J and lock nut or plate K enables the coverplate N to be slipped onto the sleeve H with facility in the course of construction, thereby enablingt the ange or shoulder 71, to be constructed integralwith the sleeve for thepurpose ofstrength.

The door, window, or the like, revolubly hung, for instance, by the cover-plate N on the ange h by its upper end in the manner before described,has also its lower end guided by a plate O, secured by screws to the bottom of the door or the like and having a hole through which the central shaft C freely passes. This plate 0 is formed or provided with a clutch P or like device adapted to grip a similar clutch ordevice P, fixed rigidly on the shaft C somewhat above the clutch P. On the shaft C being rotated (for instance, clockwise) to open the door vor window the nut or sleeve H first rises, taking with it the shutter D and opening the space B, as shown in Fig. l. When the space Bis almost fully open, the ange h engages the cover-plate N, Fig. l, and on further rotation of the shaft the shutter D in rising further at once comlnences to lift vertically the door, window, or the like A, thus bringing the bottom edge of the latter out of the groove c ofthe sill or casing E. During this movement the clutch P, carried by the window, gradually approaches its related clutch P of the shaft until at the moment when the bottom of the door A is clear of the sill or casing E the two clutches are engaged, and the further rotation of the shaft C now carries with it the door, Window, or the like A, which can thus be swung fully or partly open on its central aXis, according as desired. To close the structure, the motion of the shaft C is reversed,(forinstance,anticloc'k wise,) thus first rotating the door or window Ainto the closed position, at which moment, however, the swinging of the door A is of course terminated, and the continued rotation of the shaft causes the nutor sleeve H to travel down the shaft,thusloweringthe stillsuspended door, window, or the like A somewhat into the groove c. At the same time the clutch P drops out of engagement with the clutch P. In this position the door, window, or the like may be allowed to remain, leaving the upper space B open for the purposes of ventilation or for the escape of persons by climbing over, in which case the space B is made of sufficient dimensions for that purpose. The further rotation of the shaft C in the same direction brings the shutter D down onto the top of the door, window, or the like, thus closing the space B, and enables sufficient pressure to be brought to bear to bind all in a thoroughly tight manner.

In order to facilitate the engaging and release of the clutch members P P', the member P, which is carried by the door or window A, is loosely mounted on a boss Q of the plate O and has a pin engaging in a helical slot q at each side in said boss. (See Fig. 2.) The moment the clutch P commences to engage the member P it makes a partial rotation on the boss Q, and by means of its pins ridingup helical slotq in the latter it is lifted into close engagement with the clutch P, thus obviating any slipping of the clutch-teeth. The door or Window isthus not turned until the clutches are fully engaged-Ji. e. when the pins have reached the upper end of the slots q. This lifting action may be assisted by forming inclined faces or notches r, Figs. 1 and 2, on the flange 7L of the nut or sleeve H and providing projections s, Fig. 1, on the coverplate N of the door or window to ride on the inclined faces or notches r, so as to give a slight lift to the door or window (and therewith the clutch P) when the door is turned in its opening movement.

The operation of the actuating-shaft C in the manner described will usually be carried ont by hand independently for each window, door, or the like by means of a hand-wheel M, as before stated. Asuitable locking device may be provided for locking the door or the like in any position into which it may have been placed. A convenient means is shown in Figs. 2 and 6, in which the hand- Wheel M rotates in front of a stationary disk T and a series of grooves or half-holes 'tt' is formed round the periphery in the inner face of the wheel M and a single groove or half-hole u2 in the opposing face of the disk T, as shown in Fig. 6, a pin it being provided which is too large to drop into a half-hole ICO IIO

until one of these is brought opposite the single groove, according tothe position taken by the hand-Wheel in adjusting the window, whereupon the parts are locked. In the case of bulkhead-doors of ships or the doors or Windows of large land buildings where a number of closing devices are required to be opened or closed simultaneously from a central control the hand-Wheel M is replaced by a bevel-Wheel gearing with a related bevel- Wheel on a main shaft Z, as shown in Fig. 2t. In this vrayany number of doors or windows may be geared to and actuated by said main shaft.

It will be seen that by the present invention the top and bottom or" thedoor, window, or the like is made thoroughly tight when closed. The sides may similarly be rendered tight under the binding pressure of the shutter D by providing the sides of the door or the like A with several oblique slots or grooves Qc, as shown in Fig. 2, and providing pins y on the casing or frame G of the door, window, or the like to engage in said slots or grooves when the door is almost fully closed, whereby the down Ward movement of the door under the pressure of the shutter Din the final closing` of the door produces a action which d raws the door, window, or the like closely up against its casing or frame and makes a thoroughly tight joint at the sides, whereby the tight closure is complete all round.

I declare that what I claim isk l. In a door, window, or like aperture-closing device, the combination of an aperturecasing, a closing member.- revolubly mounted therein on a vertical axis With vertical play thereon, said closing member being of lesser height than the aperture, means for rotating said member to open and close the main portion of the aperture, a shutter mounted With vertical play at the head of the aperture, means for vertically moving said shutter to open or close the space remaining at the top, and connections on the shutter and the closing member adapted to engage When the shutter has been lifted to open the top space, whereby a further lifting and return of the shutter moves the closing member vertically in its closed position of swing to open and make a tight joint with the casing at the bottom, substantially as described.

2. In a door, Window, or like aperture-closing device, the combination of an aperturecasing, a closing member revolubly mounted therein on a vertical axis with vertical play thereon, said closing member being of lesser height than the aperture, means for rotating said member to open and close the main portion of the aperture, the sides of the closing member and of the casing having a form adapted to tit one to the otherin a tight-closing manner in the closed position, a shutter mounted With vertical playat the head of the aperture, an internally-threaded sleeve secn red to said shutter, a threaded shaft Within Wedging said sleeve adapted to be rotated to vertically move said sleeve and shutter to open and close the top space, and a tiange or shoulder on the bottom of the sleeve adapted Vto engage and revolubly suspend the closing member when the shutter has been lifted to open the top space, whereby a further lifting and return of the shutter moves the closing melnber verticallyin its closed position of swing to open and make a tight joint at the bottom, substan tially as described.

3. In a door, window, orlike aperture-closing device, the combination of an aperturecasing, a vertical shaft revolubly mounted in said casing, a closing member mounted revolubly and vertically movable on said shaft Within the aperture, means for rotating said shaft,clutch mechanism on said shaft adapted to be operated bv said shaft to rotate the closing member and open and close the aperture, and means adapted to be actuated by said shaft to move said member vertically in the closed position to make or open a tight joint with the casing at the bottom, substantially as described.

et. In a door, Window, or like aperture-closing device, the combination of an aperturecasing, a vertical shaft revolubly mounted in said casing, a closing member mounted revolubly and vertically movable on said shaft within the aperture, said closing member being of lesser height than the aperture, means for rotating said shaft, clutch mechanism on said shaft and member adapted to be operated by said shaft to rotate the closing member and open and close the main portion of the aperture, means adapted to be actuated by said shaft to move said member vertically-in the closed position joint with the casing at the bottom, ashutter mounted with vertical play at the head of the aperture, and means adapted to be actuated by said shaft to vertically move said shutter and open or close the space remaining at the top, substantially as described. s

5. In a door, Window, or like aperture-closing device, the combination of an aperturecasing, a vertical shaft revolubly mounted in said casing, a closing member mounted revolubly-and vertically movable about said shaft within the aperture, said closing member being of lesser height than the aperture, means for rotating said shaft, clutch mechanism on said shaftand member by said shaft to rotate the closing member and open and close the main portion of the aperture,a shutter mounted with vertical play at the head of the aperture, a screw-thread on the upper end of the shaft engaging a corresponding internal thread through the shutter and adapted to vertically move said shutter to open or close the space remaining at the top of the aperture, and means on said shutter to raise or lower said member in a closed position to make or open a joint With the casing at the bottom, said shutter being adapted to press on the upper edge of the door to renadapted to be operatedY der the joints at top and bottom thoroughly tight, substantially as described.

6. In adoor, window, orlike aperture-closing device, the combination with a closing member revolubly mounted in the aperture on a vertical axis with vertical play thereon; of a shaft C, clutch member P' on said shaft, clutch member P mounted on the closing member with limited vertical helical play thereon, and means adapted to be actuated by said shaft to vertically move the closing member and therewith the clutch member P to engage or release the clutch members, substantially as described.

7. In a door, window, or like apertureelos ing device, the combination with a closing member revolubly mounted in the aperture on a vertical axis with vertical play thereon; of a shaft C, clutch member P on said shaft, clutch member P mounted on the closing member with limited vertical helical play thereon, a screw-thread on the upper end of said shaft,a nut or internally-threaded sleeve H on said threaded end of the shaft, a shutter mounted with vertical play at the` head of the aperture, the closing member being of lesser height than the aperture and the shutter being adapted to open and close the space remaining vacant at the top, means for attaching said shutter to said nut or sleeve H, and means on said sleeve adapted to vertically move the closing member and therewith the clutch memberP to engage or release the clutch members and make or open a tight joint at the bottom, substantially as described.

8. In a door, window, or like aperture-closing device, the combination of shaft C, nut or sleeve H on the threaded end thereof,

flange h having inclines or notches r, plate N having progeetions s, clutch member Pl and plate O carryinga clutch member P, substantially as described'.

9. In a door, Window, or like aperture-closing device, the lcombination of an aperturecasing, a closing member revolubly mounted therein on a vertical axis with vertical play thereon, means for rotating said member to open and close the aperture, means for moving said member vertically in the closed position to make or open a tight joint with the bottom, and devices at the sides of the member and its casing comprising pins and inclined guides adapted to coact in the downward movement of the member to draw the member against the casing on all sides, substantially as described.

l0. In a door, window, or like aperture-closing device, the combination of an aperturecasing, a vertical shaft revolubly mounted in said casing, a closing member mounted revolubly and vertically movable on said shaft Within the aperture, means for rotating said shaft, clutch mechanism on said shaft adapted to be operated by said shaft to rotate the closing member and open and close the aperture, means adapted to be actuated by said shaft to move said member vertically in the closed position to make or open a tight joint with the casing at the bottom, and a system of shafting with gearing adapted to enable said vertical shaft to be operated thereby simultaneously with the related shafts of other apertures all from a central control, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name, this th day of August, 1902, in the presence of two subscribing Witnesses.

GEORGE ALBERT CHADDOCK.

Witnesses:

J osEPH J. ROYDEN, FRED. P. EVANS. 

